Training Our Protectors
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  • Site Contents
    • Index of all subtopics
  • Introduction
  • Stress Effects on Police
    • Papers: Stress Effects on Police
  • Understanding Violence
    • A Complex Matrix
    • Nature-Nurture Interactions>
      • Papers
    • Child abuse and neglect>
      • Papers
      • Papers: Corporal punishment effects
    • Effects of Trauma and Stress>
      • Papers
    • Powder-keg formula>
      • Papers: Early Signs
    • The Violent Brain>
      • Brain Injury and Damage>
        • Papers
      • Genes and temperament>
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      • Neurohormonal imbalances>
        • Papers
    • Intimate violence and abuse>
      • Papers
    • Substance Abuse>
      • Papers
      • Papers
    • Psychopaths and APD>
      • Papers
    • Parallels of collective violence and war zones>
      • Papers
  • Abuse of Power
    • Authoritarians>
      • Papers
    • Going backward: A trend toward authoritarianism>
      • Papers
    • "Stand Your Ground">
      • Papers
    • Prosecutor's Certainty>
      • Papers
    • Innocents swept up in frenzy >
      • Papers
    • He’s just "faking it” >
      • Papers
    • Punitive approach>
      • Papers
    • Police Brutality>
      • Papers
      • Articles: Tasers and Pepper Spray
      • SWAT Overkill-Warrior Cops
      • Militarization
      • Stop and Frisk
      • Blog and News Posts: Police Abuse
    • Racial Profiling
    • A Global Crisis>
      • Global Reports
    • Locked up and restrained>
      • Papers
      • News and blog posts
    • Torture>
      • Papers
      • News and blog posts
      • Links
    • Human Rights Abuses>
      • Reports
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      • New Page
    • Governments Mistreating Citizens>
      • Papers
    • Civil liberties>
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    • "War on Terror" Errors and Effects>
      • Torture Debates
      • Bush Cheney Policies
      • Overreaction to 9/11
      • New Page
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    • Systemic Corruption>
      • Papers
  • Juvenile "Injustice"
    • What are we doing to our children?
    • News around the world
    • News from U.S.
    • Links
  • Prison Nation
    • Links
    • Articles: Overview Issues
    • Mass Incarceration>
      • Papers
    • Solitary confinement
    • Supermax>
      • Articles
    • Sentencing Discrepancies>
      • Papers
    • Mandatory Minimum Sentencing
    • Three Strikes
    • The New Chain Gangs
    • Private For-Profit Prisons: Corporate welfare>
      • Links
      • Papers
      • Articles
    • Mentally ill in prison>
      • Papers and articles
    • Inside Rape>
      • Papers
    • Effects on Families and Children>
      • Papers
  • Neuroscience of law and justice
    • Fairness and Reciprocity>
      • Papers and Articles
      • Links
    • Diversity of Human Nature>
      • Papers
    • Memory>
      • How memory is reconstructed
      • Eyewitness fallibility
      • The Line-up
      • Academic Papers on Memory
    • False Confession
    • Misperception and misjudgment>
      • Papers
    • Micro-expressions>
      • Papers
    • Volition>
      • Assumptions about personal agency and self-control>
        • Papers
      • Temporary impulsive behavior
    • Prejudice and Discrimination>
      • Papers
    • Unrecognized extenuating circumstances
  • Social psychology of justice
    • Values and Attitudes>
      • Papers
    • Groupthink>
      • Papers
    • System Justification>
      • Papers
    • Obedience, Compliance, Conformity>
      • Papers
    • Denial and Projection>
      • Papers and Articles
    • Whistleblowers as Traitors>
      • Papers
    • Revisiting Zimbardo
    • Seminal Studies
    • Loyalty and Collusion>
      • Papers
    • Search for belonging: gangs and mercenaries>
      • Papers
    • Situational social roles>
      • Papers
  • Debating Approaches
    • Punishment vs. prevention>
      • Papers
      • Links
    • Gun control and Common Sense>
      • Papers
      • Links
    • Drug treatment or harsh incarceration>
      • Papers
      • Links
  • Ineffective and Outdated Methods
    • Coercive Interrogation and leading questions>
      • Papers
    • Myths About Psychological Profiling>
      • Papers
    • Polygraph>
      • Papers
    • Tough Love and Zero Tolerance>
      • Papers
    • Bounties and Informants>
      • Papers
    • Boot camps>
      • Papers
    • The "Bad Seed" view>
      • Papers
  • Economic and Political Issues
    • Privatization: mercenary and contract security>
      • Papers
    • Inadequate training and monitoring >
      • Papers
    • Mislabeling
    • Corruption: A Quiet Violence
    • War on Poor: Draconian Policies
    • Dickens and Les Miz
  • A Broad Cultural Background
  • Solutions
    • Prevention>
      • Links
      • Papers
    • Social Investment>
      • Links
      • Papers
    • Restorative Justice>
      • Links
      • Papers
    • Helping Kids-at-Risk>
      • Links
    • Juvenile Justice alternatives>
      • Papers
      • Links
    • Empathy and Ethics>
      • Papers
    • Conflict resolution>
      • Links
      • Papers
    • Community-based programs>
      • Links
    • Never Assume>
      • Links
      • Papers
    • Offset Damage>
      • Links
    • Healing the Hurt>
      • Links
      • Papers
    • Global Approaches
    • Helping Law Enforcement Professionals>
      • Coping with danger and high-stress situations
      • Triage and Crowd Control
      • Links
      • Papers
    • Major Policy Reforms>
      • Papers
  • Resources
    • Discussion of Methods
    • Exercises and Surveys
    • Authoritarian Questionnaire
    • Values Questionnaire
    • Civil Liberties Questionnaire
  • A Look at History
    • A History of Punishment
    • Inhumane incarceration, detention>
      • Papers
    • Chain gangs, debtor’s prison, the poorhouse>
      • Papers
    • Gulags, Political prisoners>
      • Papers
    • Internment>
      • Papers
  • Social Advances slideshow
  • Statistics
    • General Indicators
    • Stats: Prison Population
    • Stats: Gun Violence
    • Stats: Child abuse
    • Stats: Substance-abuse related violence
  • Recommendations
    • Organizations and Advocates
    • Books
    • Video Lectures
    • TV Shows
    • Feature Films
    • Documentaries
    • Other Media
    • Exhibits
  • Index of all Links
  • Index of all paper topics

Neural foundations to moral reasoning and antisocial behavior. 
Raine, A., & Yang, Y. (2006). Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 1(3), 203-213. 

Atypical empathic responses in adolescents with aggressive conduct disorder: a functional MRI investigation.
Decety, J., Michalska, K. J., Akitsuki, Y., & Lahey, B. B. (2009). Biological Psychology, 80(2), 203-211.
atypical_empathy_in_teens_with_conduct_disorder.pdf
File Size: 184 kb
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Empathy and Emotional Responsiveness in Delinquent and Non-delinquent Adolescents
Ross Robinson, William L. Roberts, Janet Strayer, Ray Koopman (2007) Social Development 16 (3) p. 555-579

Developmental Precursors of Moral Disengagement and the Role of Moral Disengagement in the Development of Antisocial Behavior 
Luke W. Hyde, Daniel S. Shaw, Kristin L. Moilanen 
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2010 February ; 38(2): 197–209.

Deficits in facial affect recognition among antisocial populations: a meta-analysis 
Abigail A. Marsh* and R. J. R. Blair 
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008 ; 32(3): 454–465. 
deficits_in_facial_affect_recognition_in_antisocial.pdf
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Distortions of mind perception in psychopathology 
Kurt Gray, Adrianna C. Jenkins, Andrea S. Heberlein, and Daniel M. Wegner
PNAS | January 11, 2011 | vol. 108 | no. 2 | 477479 
distortions_of_perception_in_psychopathology.pdf
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The 'antisocial' person: an insight in to biology, classification and current evidence on treatment 
Chaturaka Rodrigo, Senaka Rajapakse and Gamini Jayananda
Annals of General Psychiatry 2010, 9:31 
anti-social.pdf
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Neural mechanisms of aggression 
Randy J. Nelson and Brian C. Trainor
Nature.  JULY 2007. VOLUME 8 
neural_mechanisms_of_aggression.pdf
File Size: 383 kb
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Neurobiology of empathy and callousness: implications for the development of antisocial behavior. 
Shirtcliff, E. A., Vitacco, M. J., Graf, A. R., Gostisha, A. J., Merz, J. L., & Zahn-Waxler, C. (2009). Behavioral sciences the law, 27(2), 137-171.